What is West Nile Virus? Previously found only in parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa, West Nile Virus was first found in the United States in 1999. The virus was probably introduced into this country by an infected mosquito or bird.

WNV is a disease transmitted by mosquitoes to mammals, birds and humans. Infections in people, birds and horses get the most publicity and many people don't realize that pets can also get the virus if bitten by an infected mosquito. WNV has been diagnosed in other animals, including dogs and cats. Most of these animals did not show any signs of illness after infection.

What are the symptoms? WNV can cause encephalitis, or inflammation of the brain, in susceptible animals and people. People with mild infections may experience fever, headache, body aches, skin rash and swollen lymph glands. More severe infections may experience high fever, headache, neck stiffness, stupor, disorientation, coma, tremors, convulsions and paralysis.

How can I protect myself and my pet? It is not necessary to limit any outdoor activities, unless local officials advise you otherwise, however, you can and should try to reduce your risk of being bitten by mosquitoes. Use mosquito repellents when outdoors, especially in the early morning and evening.

Prevention: Only a few of approx. 60 different species of mosquitoes carry WNV. Mosquitoes lay their eggs in stagnant water. Weeds, tall grass, shrubbery and discarded tires also provide an outdoor home for adult mosquitoes. By eliminating breeding places, we can help reduce exposure to the virus.

Dispose of outdoor cans, pots, and other containers that may hold water
Remove discarded tires
Turn over wading pools when not in use
Clean and chlorinate swimming pools when not in use
Remove leaves and debris from roof gutters
Aerate ornamental pools or add fish to the pools
Drill holes in the bottom of outdoor recycling containers
Turn over or remove buckets and wheelbarrows that could collect water
Flush and clean water troughs at least every 4 days
Use landscaping to eliminate standing water
Report unexplained dead birds to your local Health Department

 In addition to reducing stagnant water in your yard, make sure all windows and doors have screens, and that all screens are in good repair.